
Camellia sinensis (tea plant)
Camellia sinensis, commonly known as the tea plant, is a member of the Theaceae family. Native to East Asia (particularly China) this evergreen shrub thrives in tropical climates. Remarkably, black, oolong, green, and white teas all originate from the Camellia sinensis leaves, with their distinct characteristics resulting from varying degrees of oxidation during processing. The leaves are rich in various polyphenols, notably catechins such as epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), and L-theanine, caffeine, and tannins. These compounds contribute to its notable properties including antioxidant, stimulating, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, cardioprotective, neuroprotective, detoxifying, nervine, and astringent effects. The synergistic interaction between caffeine and L-theanine enhances cognitive function, promoting alertness while also inducing relaxation. Modern research highlights tea's potential to improve heart health, provide neuroprotective effects, & support healthy weight management. A 2019 review PMID: 3159046
emphasized green tea's health benefits, including its anticancer, antioxidant, & antimicrobial activities, attributing these effects to its complex chemical composition. Historically, tea has been consumed for medicinal benefits for >5000 years, with its origins traced back to ancient China. Its legend dates back to 2737 BCE, during the reign of Chinese Emperor
Shen Nong, a revered herbalist and mythical ruler. According to the story, Shen Nong insisted that all drinking water be boiled for hygiene. One day, as he rested under a Camellia sinensis tree, a few leaves were carried by the wind and fell into his pot of boiling water. The infusion released a pleasant aroma - he found it refreshing and invigorating.
